Dietary palmitate and oleate differently modulate insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle

• DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05596-z
• Publication Date: 2021-10-26T21:02:22Z
• Authors: Theresia Sarabhai; Chrysi Koliaki; Lucia Mastrototaro; Sabine Kahl; Dominik Pesta; Maria Apostolopoulou; Martin Wolkersdorfer; Anna C. Bönner; Pavel Bobrov; Daniel F. Markgraf; Christian Herder; Michael Roden
• Keywords: Human physiology; Lipotoxicity

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Energy-dense nutrition generally induces insulin resistance, but dietary composition may differently affect glucose metabolism. This study investigated initial effects of monounsaturated vs saturated lipid meals on basal and insulin-stimulated myocellular metabolism signalling. Methods In a randomised crossover study, 16 lean metabolically healthy volunteers received single containing safflower oil (SAF), palm (PAL) or vehicle (VCL). Whole-body was assessed from disposal ( R d ) before during hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamps with -[6,6- 2 H ]glucose. serial skeletal muscle biopsies, subcellular metabolites signalling were measured after meals. Results SAF PAL raised plasma oleate, only significantly increased palmitate concentrations. diacylglycerol activated protein kinase C (PKC) isoform θ p < 0.05) PKCɛ. Moreover, led to ceramides along stimulated PKCζ translocation 0.05 SAF). During clamp, both decreased VCL), non-oxidative lower compared 0.05). Muscle serine 1101 -phosphorylation IRS-1 upon consumption 0.05), whereas 473 Akt more than Conclusions/interpretation Lipid-induced resistance is likely pronounced oleate associated PKC isoforms activation inhibitory Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov .NCT01736202. Funding German Federal Ministry Health, Culture Science the State North Rhine-Westphalia, Education Research, European Regional Development Fund, Research Foundation, Center for Diabetes Research. Graphical abstract