Somaclonal variation in oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): the DNA methylation hypothesis

• DOI: 10.1007/s002999900177
• Publication Date: 2002-10-06T14:31:19Z
• Authors: E. Jaligot; A. Rival; T. Beulé; S. Dussert; J.-L. Verdeil
• Keywords: cal; feuille; 0106 biological sciences; 0301 basic medicine; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27512; hydrolyse enzymatique; nucléoside; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26867; 01 natural sciences; F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes; variation somaclonale; 03 medical and health sciences; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32660; ETUDE COMPARATIVE; Embryogénèse somatique; trouble de différenciation sexuelle; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34127; PALMIER A HUILE; Elaeis guineensis; méthylation; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3224; MUTATION; ANALYSE STATISTIQUE; RECOMBINAISON; clone; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2509; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24872; CHROMATOGRAPHIE EN PHASE LIQUIDE; AMELIORATION GENETIQUE; génome; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1678; METHYLATION; adn; EMBRYOGENESE SOMATIQUE; AMELIORATION DES PLANTES; analyse enzymatique; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24576; STABILITE GENETIQUE; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4243; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5258; F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes; analyse quantitative; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36911; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2347; ANALYSE GENETIQUE; http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7012

Jacq.) currently hampers the scaling-up of clonal plant production. In order to investigate the relationship between the "mantled" somaclonal variant and possible alterations in genomic DNA methylation rate, two complementary approaches have been used. HPLC quantification of relative amounts of 5-methyl-deoxycytidine has shown that global methylation in leaf DNA of abnormal regenerants is 0.5-2.5% lower than in their normal counterparts (20.8% vs 22%, respectively). When comparing nodular compact calli and fast growing calli, yielding respectively 5% and 100% of "mantled" plantlets, this decrease was up to 4.5% (from 23.2 to 18.7%). An alternative method, the SssI-methylase accepting assay, based on the enzymatic saturation of CG sites with methyl groups, gave convergent results. This work demonstrates that a correlation exists between DNA hypomethylation and the "mantled" somaclonal variation in oil palm.