Changes in serial multiparametric MRI and FDG-PET/CT functional imaging during radiation therapy can predict treatment response in patients with head and neck cancer

• DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09843-2
• Publication Date: 2023-07-05T08:02:25Z
• Authors: Yuvnik Trada; Paul Keall; Michael Jameson; Daniel Moses; Peter Lin; Phillip Chlap; Lois Holloway; Myo Min; Dion Forstner; Allan Fowler; Mark T. Lee
• Keywords: Neuroradiology; Imaging biomarker; Interventional radiology; Standardized uptake value

Abstract Objectives To test if tumour changes measured using combination of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) MRI and FDG-PET/CT performed serially during radiotherapy (RT) in mucosal head neck carcinoma can predict treatment response. Methods Fifty-five patients from two prospective biomarker studies were analysed. was at baseline, RT (week 3), post (3 months). DWI (weeks 2, 3, 5, 6), (1 3 The ADC mean FDG-PET parameters SUV max , metabolic volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) measured. Absolute relative change (%∆) PET correlated to 1-year local recurrence. Patients categorised into favourable, mixed, unfavourable response optimal cut-off (OC) values control. Results local, regional, distant recurrence rates 18.2% (10/55), 7.3% (4/55), 12.7% (7/55), respectively. ∆Week (AUC 0.825, p = 0.003; OC ∆ > 24.4%) ∆MTV 0.833, 0.001; 50.4%) the best predictors Week time point for assessing Using a ∆ADC improved strength correlation ( ≤ 0.001). In who underwent both week FDG-PET/CT, significant differences seen between with favourable (0%), mixed (17%), (78%) combined Conclusions Changes mid-treatment could be utilised design future adaptive clinical trials. Clinical relevance statement Our study shows complementary information provided by functional modalities prediction cancer. Key Points • cancer . Combination outcome assessment