Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9
• Publication Date: 2022-03-05T10:02:25Z
• Authors: Francesca Fava; Maria M. Ulaszewska; Matthias Scholz; Jan Stanstrup; Lorenzo Nissen; Fulvio Mattivi; Joan Vermeiren; Douwina Bosscher; Carlo Pedrolli; Kieran M. Tuohy
• Keywords: Metabolome

Abstract Purpose Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal human studies support the role aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism betaine/choline may part contribute to physiological effects aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes CVD biomarkers, fecal composition plasma/urine metabolite profiles. Methods A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial was carried out two groups obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI gender, consuming with either (27 g/day) (AL, n = 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL, 33) 4 weeks. Results No significant homocysteine other clinical markers were observed treatment. Dietary intake increased after AL animal protein PL We increase Bifidobacterium spp Lactobacillus both but overall community structure changed little according 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial polyphenols revealed distinctive biomarkers alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty benzoxazinoid roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked urinary compounds derived from parameters. Conclusions has potential modulate gut metabolic output bifidobacterial abundance. However, study, did not impact on biomarkers. Trial Registration The registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) 17th February 2014.