Plant-based diets and the risk of lung cancer: a large prospective cohort study

• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03570-0
• Publication Date: 2025-02-01T14:39:48Z
• Authors: Wei Wei; Shuyuan Wang; Zhen Yuan; Yifan Ren; Jiaxing Wu; Xiaohui Gao; Rong Wang; Jianxiong Li

Plant-based diets are increasingly recognized for cancer prevention, yet their specific impact on lung (LC) risk remains insufficiently examined. This study aims to assess the relationship between plant-based adherence and incidence of LC. Data from Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian screening trial were analyzed. The diet index (PDI) was developed diets. Multivariable Cox regression model performed estimate hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) examine across PDI spectrum. Prespecified subgroup analyses identified potential modifiers, sensitivity tested association's robustness. Of 98,459 participants included, 1,642 LC over an average follow-up 8.83 years. Higher scores associated with a lower (HR quartile 4 vs. 1: 0.75, CI: 0.65–0.87, P trend < 0.001), evident in both non-small cell 0.76, 0.65–0.88, 0.001) small 0.73, 0.49–1.09, = 0.046). RCS further confirmed these relationships. association stronger among BMI, smokers, those without history emphysema or diabetes, family LC, physical activity (all 0.001). Sensitivity consistently supported findings. Our findings reveal inverse correlation risk, supporting benefits prevention. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT00339495 (URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00339495 ).