Placental neutrophil reverse trans-migration and maternal serum neutrophil extracellular trap expression in HIV infection co-morbid pre-eclampsia in women of African ancestry

• DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02298-6
• Publication Date: 2024-06-24T12:02:02Z
• Authors: Merantha Moodley; Jagidesa Moodley; Thajasvarie Naicker
• Keywords: Neutrophil Extracellular Traps; Syncytiotrophoblasts; Pathogenesis

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and placental neutrophil reverse transmigration (r-TM) are implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE). However, role comorbidity PE human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection r-TM serum NETs remains unknown. Human tissue (n = 160) 80) samples were obtained post-ethical approval divided by pregnancy type HIV status across study population. Immunohistochemistry morphometry performed to localize quantify junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) expression as an inverse marker within villi. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was concentration citrullinated histone H3 (cit-H3) a NETs. GraphPad Prism (version 8.0.2) used compare results, p value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The localization JAM-C observed on syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) endothelial cells immunoexpression elevated vs. normotensive (N) placentae. In exchange villi, higher N+ve N-ve group. comorbid infection, lower PE+ve PE-ve Citrullinated histone-H3 group but early-onset (EOPE)+ve late-onset (LOPE)+ve These results indicate that HIV-infected placentae individually express JAM-C, manifesting less r-TM. villi with reduced enhances r-TM, thus supporting synergistic effect HIV.