Acute resistance exercise increases the expression of chemotactic factors within skeletal muscle
Male
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
0301 basic medicine
610
Skeletal muscle
2739 Public Health
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
2737 Physiology (medical)
Humans
Adaptation
Muscle, Skeletal
Chemokine CCL2
0303 health sciences
Chemokine CX3CL1
Interleukin-6
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Environmental and Occupational Health
Interleukin-8
Resistance Training
Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
Resistance exercise
Case-Control Studies
Myokines
Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)
DOI:
10.1007/s00421-014-2936-4
Publication Date:
2014-06-26T10:40:53Z
AUTHORS (3)
ABSTRACT
Intense resistance exercise causes mechanical loading of skeletal muscle, followed by muscle adaptation. Chemotactic factors likely play an important role in these processes.We investigated the time course of changes in the expression and tissue localization of several key chemotactic factors in skeletal muscle during the early phase of recovery following resistance exercise.Muscle biopsy samples were obtained from vastus lateralis of eight untrained men (22 ± 0.5 years) before and 2, 4 and 24 h after three sets of leg press, squat and leg extension at 80 % 1-RM.Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (95×), interleukin-8 (2,300×), IL-6 (317×), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (15×), vascular endothelial growth factor (2×) and fractalkine (2.5×) mRNA was significantly elevated 2 h post-exercise. Interleukin-8 (38×) and interleukin-6 (58×) protein was also significantly elevated 2 h post-exercise, while monocyte chemotactic protein-1 protein was significantly elevated at 2 h (22×) and 4 h (21×) post-exercise. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-8 were expressed by cells residing in the interstitial space between muscle fibers and, in some cases, were co-localized with CD68 + macrophages, PAX7 + satellite cells and blood vessels. However, the patterns of staining were inconclusive and not consistent.In conclusion, resistance exercise stimulated a marked increase in the mRNA and protein expression of various chemotactic factors in skeletal muscle. Myofibers were not the dominant source of these factors. These findings suggest that chemotactic factors regulate remodeling/adaptation of skeletal muscle during the early phase of recovery following resistance exercise.
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