Interleukin-15 gene polymorphism in children with celiac disease: a single-center experience

• DOI: 10.1007/s00431-025-06108-6
• Publication Date: 2025-04-23T06:19:04Z
• Authors: Mohamed Abdelfade...; Omneya M. Omar; Omneya Badreldin; Nahed Baddour; Hend A. Yassin; Nada M. Zeitoon
• Keywords: Single Center; Abdominal distension

Abstract The purpose of this study is to evaluate the demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in children with CD assess their relationship interleukin-15 (IL-15) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2857261) serum IL-15 levels. This case–control prospective cohort included 54 newly diagnosed pediatric patients attending Gastroenterology Clinic at Alexandria University Children’s Hospital 44 age- sex-matched healthy controls. Demographics, data, tests, Marsh classification, SNP genotypes were analyzed. Follow-up after 9 months on a gluten-free diet (GFD) was conducted. mean age controls 8.62 ± 4.4 8.07 4.7 years, respectively, no significant difference ( p = 0.55). Male representation 48.1% 47.7% 0.97). most common presenting symptoms abdominal distension (61.11%) failure thrive (59.26%). Laboratory showed that anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A 103 168 U/ml, anti-endomysium positive 51.85% patients. Histopathological assessment revealed 3C as finding (37%), while 37% without biopsy. analysis significantly higher prevalence A/A genotype compared < 0.0001). A/G G/G protective against CD, odds ratios 0.088 0.079, respectively. No associations observed between clinical, laboratory, or histological variables. After 6 GFD, did not influence symptom resolution > 0.05). Conclusions : Serum levels are elevated associated increased susceptibility appear protective. These highlight potential biomarker therapeutic target CD. Further large-scale studies warranted validate these explore applications. What Known: • Celiac disease an immune-mediated enteropathy linked HLA-DQ2/DQ8 alleles, playing key role its pathogenesis. Variability genetic polymorphisms has been suggested but remains underexplored populations. New: identifies risk factor for Elevated target.