A comparative study of dexmedetomidine and propofol as sole sedative agents for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography

• DOI: 10.1007/s00540-014-1952-1
• Publication Date: 2014-12-02T18:22:56Z
• Authors: Kamath Sriganesh; Madhusudan Reddy; Sritam Jena; Mohit Mittal; G. S. Umamaheswar...
• Keywords: Adult; Male; Middle Aged; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Cerebral Angiography; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Female; Prospective Studies; Propofol; Dexmedetomidine; Aged

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is an acute neurological emergency requiring urgent confirmation of the diagnosis for planning definitive management. Due to altered consciousness, most patients require sedation for conducting this procedure smoothly. Currently, it is unclear if any one particular sedative drug has a favorable profile in patients undergoing cerebral angiography. The aim of this study was to compare the traditionally used sedative drug propofol with a newer alternative, dexmedetomidine, in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing cerebral angiography.Sixty adult patients with good grade subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography were prospectively randomized to receive either propofol (n = 30) or dexmedetomidine (n = 30) following ethics committee approval and informed consent.Compared to dexmadetomidine, propofol was associated with an earlier time for onset of sedation (2.3 ± 1.9 min vs. 15.4 ± 5.7 min; P < 0.001), but with an increased number of adverse respiratory events (11/30 vs 1/30; P = 0.003) and movement during the procedure (5/30 vs. 0/30; P = 0.05), necessitating additional supplementation of sedation (13/30 vs. 7/30; P = 0.17) and repetition of the imaging sequences. The total procedure time and time for recovery were similar for the propofol and dexmedetomidine groups, while the heart rate was lower in patients in the dexmedetomidine group.Dexmedetomidine appears to be superior to propofol as a sole sedative agent for sedation during cerebral angiography in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.