Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with chronic tic disorders: a multicentre study

• DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01757-y
• Publication Date: 2021-04-13T19:08:51Z
• Authors: Molly Bond; Natalie Moll; Alicia Rosello; Rod Bond; Jaana Schnell; Bianka Burger; Pieter J. Hoekstra; Andrea Dietrich; Anette Schrag; Eva Kocovska; Davide Martino; Norbert Mueller; Markus Schwarz; Ute-Christiane Meier; ; Julie E. Bruun; Judy Grejsen; Christine L. Ommu...; Mette Rubæk; Stephanie Enghardt; Stefanie Bokemeyer; Christiane Driedg...; Cornelia Reichert; Jenny Schmalfeld; Thomas Duffield; Franciska Gergye; Margit Kovacs; Reka Vidomusz; Miri Carmel; Silvana Fennig; Ella Gev; Nathan Keller; Elena Michaelovsky; Matan Nahon; Chen Regev; Tomer Simcha; Gill Smollan; Avi Weizman; Giuseppe Gagliardi; Marco Tallon; Paolo Roazzi; Els van den Ban; Sebastian F. T. M...; Nicole Driessen; Andreas Lamerz; Marieke Messchendorp; Judith J. G. Rath; Nadine Schalk Deb...; Noor Tromp; Frank Visscher; Stichting Gilles ...; Maria Teresa Cáceres; Fátima Carrillo; Pilar Gómez-Garre; Laura Vargas; Maria Gariup; Sara Stöber; Alan Apter; Valentina Baglioni; Juliane Ball; Noa Benaroya-Mils...; Benjamin Bodmer; Molly Bond; Emese Bognar; Bianka Burger; Judith Buse; Francesco Cardona; Marta Correa Vela; Andrea Dietrich; Nanette M. Debes; Maria Cristina Ferro; Carolin Fremer; Blanca Garcia-Delgar; Mariangela Gulisano; Annelieke Hagen; Julie Hagstrøm; Tammy J. Hedderly; Isobel Heyman; Pieter J. Hoekstra; Chaim Huyser; Marcos Madruga-Ga...; Anna Marotta; Davide Martino; Ute-Christiane Meier; Pablo Mir; Natalie Moll; Astrid Morer; Norbert Mueller; Kirsten Müller-Vahl; Alexander Münchau; Peter Nagy; Valeria Neri; Thaïra J. C. Open...; Alessandra Pellico; Ángela Periañez V...; Kerstin J. Plessen; Cesare Porcelli; Marina Redondo; Renata Rizzo; Veit Roessner; Daphna Ruhrman; Jaana M. L. Schnell; Anette Schrag; Marcus J. Schwarz; Paola Rosaria Sil...; Liselotte Skov; Tamar Steinberg; Friederike Tagwer...; Zsanett Tarnok; Jennifer Tübing; Victoria L. Turner; Susanne Walitza; Elif Weidinger; Martin L. Woods
• Keywords: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; OCD; Adolescent; Tourette; Tic disorder; Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology; Child; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/epidemiology; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology; Severity of Illness Index; Tic Disorders/metabolism; Tic Disorders/psychology; Tics/complications; Tics/metabolism; Tourette Syndrome/psychology; Vitamin D/metabolism; ADHD; OCD; Pediatrics; Tic disorder; Tourette; Vitamin D; Original Contribution; Comorbidity; Pediatrics; Severity of Illness Index; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Cross-Sectional Studies; 0302 clinical medicine; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Tic Disorders; Tics; ADHD; Humans; Vitamin D; ADHD; OCD; Pediatrics; Tic disorder; Tourette; Vitamin D; Child; Tourette Syndrome

Abstract This study investigated whether vitamin D is associated with the presence or severity of chronic tic disorders and their psychiatric comorbidities. cross-sectional compared serum 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] (ng/ml) levels among three groups: children adolescents (3–16 years) CTD ( n = 327); first-degree relatives (3–10 individuals who were assessed for a period up to 7 years possible onset tics developed within this 31); did not develop ≥ 10 old at last assessment 93). The relationship between 25(OH)D tics, as well comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), analysed controlling age, sex, season, centre, latitude, family relatedness, When comparing cohort unaffected cohort, observed result was contrary one expected: ng/ml increase in higher odds having (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.27–3.42, p < 0.01). There no association severity. However, lower ADHD 0.55, 0.36–0.84, 0.01) inversely symptom β − 2.52, 4.16–0.88, In conclusion, but CTD.