Complete Nucleotide Sequence and Organization of the Mitogenome of the Red-Spotted Apollo Butterfly, Parnassius bremeri (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and Comparison with Other Lepidopteran Insects

• DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0129-5
• Publication Date: 2009-10-12T06:27:11Z
• Authors: Man Il Kim; Jee Yeon Baek; Min Jee Kim; Heon Cheon Jeong; Ki-Gyoung Kim; Chang Hwan Bae; Yeon Soo Han; Byung Rae Jin; Iksoo Kim
• Keywords: Monophyly

The 15,389-bp long complete mitogenome of the endangered red-spotted apollo butterfly, Parnassius bremeri (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) was determined in this study. start codon for COI gene insects has been extensively discussed, and remained a matter some controversy. Herein, we propose that CGA (arginine) sequence functions as lepidopteran insects, on basis sequences including P. bremeri, well additional region from diverse taxonomic range species (a total 53 15 families). In our extensive search tRNA-like structure A+T-rich region, one tRNATrp-like tRNALeu (UUR)-like were detected or more structures majority other sequenced thereby indicating such features occur frequently mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis using concatenated 13 amino acid nucleotide PCGs four macrolepidopteran superfamilies together with Tortricoidea Pyraloidea resulted successful recovery monophyly Papilionoidea Bombycoidea. However, Geometroidea unexpectedly identified sister group Bombycoidea, rather than Papilionoidea.