The pulse light mode enhances the effect of photobiomodulation on B16F10 melanoma cells through autophagy pathway

• DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03733-1
• Publication Date: 2023-02-17T07:35:58Z
• Authors: Zeqing Chen; Ruixiao Zhang; Haokuan Qin; Hui Jiang; Aixia Wang; Xiaolin Zhang; Shijie Huang; Miao Sun; Xuewei Fan; Zhicheng Lu; Yinghua Li; Shangfeng Liu; Muqing Liu
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; 03 medical and health sciences; Autophagy; Rod Opsins; Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Melanoma; Signal Transduction

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is the use of low irradiance light of specific wavelengths to generate physiological changes and therapeutic effects. However, there are few studies on the effects of PBM of different LED light modes on cells. Here, we investigated the difference of influence between continuous wave (CW) and pulse-PBM on B16F10 melanoma cells. Our results suggested that the pulse mode had a more significant PBM than the CW mode on B16F10 melanoma cells. Our study confirmed that ROS and Ca2+ levels in B16F10 melanoma cells treated with pulse-PBM were significantly higher than those in the control and CW-PBM groups. One mechanism that causes the difference in CW and pulse-PBM action is that pulse-PBM activates autophagy of melanoma cells through the ROS/OPN3/Ca2+ signaling pathway, and excessive autophagy activation inhibits proliferation and apoptosis of melanoma cells. Autophagy may be one of the reasons for the difference between pulse- and CW-PBM on melanoma cells. More importantly, melanoma cells responded to brief PBM pulses by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels.