Dietary Cyanus depressus (M. Bieb.) Soják plant extract enhances growth performance, modulates intestinal microbiota, and alters gene expression associated with digestion, antioxidant, stress, and immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

• DOI: 10.1007/s10499-024-01548-7
• Publication Date: 2024-05-22T06:02:16Z
• Authors: Boran Karataş
• Keywords: Digestion

Abstract This study aimed to assess the effects of dietary Cyanus depressus (CD) extract on rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) physiology and health. Fish with an average weight 3.29 ± 0.34 g were allocated four feeding groups, receiving diets containing CD at doses 0 (Control), 0.5 (CD05), 1 (CD1), 2 (CD2) kg −1 for a period 60 days. Results revealed significant improvements in final body weight, gain, specific growth rate groups supplemented g/kg extract. Lipase activity increased notably fish fed CD0.5, CD1, CD2 diets. The CD1 group exhibited highest trypsin activity, while displayed amylase activity. Analysis gene expression levels superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) showed marked increases across all compared control, most enhancement observed Significant variations immunity-related genes among treatments, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) found diet enriched immune-related was more prominent than control group. Notably, extract, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) group, decreased CD05 remained statistically unchanged control. Additionally, supplementation altered composition abundance intestinal microbiota trout. In conclusion, our suggests that has potential enhancing various physiological health aspects trout, particularly when g/kg.