Circulating Biomarkers to Predict Post-Operative Cognitive Decline in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

• DOI: 10.1007/s10571-025-01553-1
• Publication Date: 2025-04-21T02:43:37Z
• Authors: Vitale Miceli; Emanuele Lo Gerfo; Giovanna Russelli; Matteo Bulati; Gioacchin Iannolo; Rosaria Tinnirello; Maura Cimino; Luciano Saso; Federica Avorio; Vincenzina Lo Re
• Keywords: Cognitive Decline

Post-operative cognitive decline (POCD) is characterized by impairments in functions. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) associated with a high risk of POCD due to its impact on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the dynamics neurotrophic, inflammatory, stress markers cohort post-CABG patients identify potential biomarkers for POCD. Blood samples were collected at baseline (immediately post-surgery) 3-month follow-up. Expression levels NRF2 other regulators (GST, GSS, HMOX1, CAT, HSP27, LOX-1), inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IP-10, NFκB), neuroprotective factor (BDNF) analyzed. Cognitive assessments performed using RBANS, TMT, TIB MMSE. exhibited an initial upregulation NRF2-related antioxidant genes, which failed sustain 3-months follow-up, leading IP-10 BDNF protein levels, along increased LOX-1 level NFκB expression, indicating persistent inflammation. contrast, non-POCD demonstrated sustained increase markers, suggesting more effective compensatory response. ROC analysis identified HMOX1 as significant predictors POCD, emerging diagnostic conclusion, our findings highlight dynamic regulation pathways emphasizing failure neuroprotection affected patients. Further large-scale studies are necessary validate these findings, biomarker-based screening could facilitate early stratification targeted interventions improve outcomes after cardiac surgery.