Towards the standardization of methods of tissue processing for the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells for clinical use

• DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00474-3
• Publication Date: 2021-05-10T18:04:23Z
• Authors: Elisabeth García-...; Joaquim Vives
• Keywords: :terapéutica::terapia biológica::tratamientos basados en células y tejidos::trasplante de células::trasplante de células madre::trasplante de células madre mesenquimatosas [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS]; 0301 basic medicine; Wharton's jelly; :Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy::Cell Transplantation::Stem Cell Transplantation::Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT]; Methods Paper; Adipose tissue; Sistema nerviós - Degeneració - Tractament; :Other subheadings::/therapy [Other subheadings]; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; :Nervous System Diseases::Neurodegenerative Diseases [DISEASES]; Cèl·lules mare mesenquimàtiques - Ús terapèutic; MSCs isolation protocols; Bone marrow; :enfermedades del sistema nervioso::enfermedades neurodegenerativas [ENFERMEDADES]; Umbilical cord; Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells; :Otros calificadores::/terapia [Otros calificadores]

AbstractMultipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently the most extensively studied type of adult stem cells in advanced stages of development in the field of regenerative medicine. The biological properties of MSCs have generated great hope for their therapeutic use in degenerative and autoimmune conditions that, at present, lack effective treatment options. Over the last decades, MSCs have been typically obtained from adult bone marrow, but the extraction process is highly invasive and the quality and numbers of isolated cells is drastically influenced by patient age, medication and associated comorbidities. Therefore, there is currently an open discussion on the convenience of allogeneic over autologous treatments, despite potential disadvantages such as rejection by the host. This shift to the allogeneic setting entails the need for high production of MSCs to ensure availability of sufficient cell numbers for transplantation, and therefore making the search for alternative tissue sources of highly proliferative MSC cultures with low levels of senescence occurrence, which is one of the greatest current challenges in the scale up of therapeutic cell bioprocessing. Herein we (i) present the main isolation protocols of MSCs from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord; and (ii) compare their qualities from a bioprocess standpoint, addressing both quality and regulatory aspects, in view of their anticipated clinical use.