Examining the impact of ecological deficit on life expectancy in GCC countries: a nonlinear panel data investigation

• DOI: 10.1007/s10668-024-05265-2
• Publication Date: 2024-08-07T09:02:16Z
• Authors: Shaif Jarallah; Anak Agung Bagus ...; Mouyad Alsamara; Karim Barkat; Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi; Moon Fai Chan
• Keywords: Environmental degradation

Abstract The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have witnessed remarkable economic growth over recent decades. Arguably, this progress of these major oil and natural gas producers has come to the detriment environment in terms increased CO 2 emissions associated ecological degradation. effects high environmental challenges on human health, specifically life expectancy (LE), not been thoroughly explored literature. We aim fill research gap by assessing relationship between Ecological footprint deficiency diverse context-specific factors affecting LE GCC, highlighting critical roles urbanization, indicators, digitization shaping health outcomes. study employs panel data for 2000–2020 period. It utilizes linear non-linear estimation methods analyze variables’ long-term short-term effects. Specifically, we run unit root tests, cointegration analysis validate our datasets, OLS, ARDL, threshold regressions examine said relationships. Our findings reveal a significant across GCC countries. results indicate that higher deficit is with lower sampled nations. Meanwhile, highlight more nuanced impacts variables interest, revealing intricate dynamics influencing LE. are robust when substituting suggesting supporting evidence complex, potentially nonlinear relationship. emphasizes urgent need sustainable policies mitigate risks promote well-being region. Nuanced approaches needed address each country's challenges.