Receiver design for the REACH global 21-cm signal experiment

• DOI: 10.1007/s10686-024-09975-3
• Publication Date: 2025-01-17T04:18:39Z
• Authors: Ian L. V. Roque; Nima Razavi-Ghods; Steven H. Carey; John A. Ely; Will Handley; Alessio Magro; Riccardo Chiello; Tian Huang; P. Alexander; D. Anstey; G. Bernardi; H. T. J. Bevins; J. Cavillot; W. Croukamp; J. Cumner; E. de Lera Acedo; D. I. L. de Villiers; A. Fialkov; T. Gessey-Jones; Q. Gueuning; A. T. Josaitis; G. Kulkarni; S. A. K. Leeney; R. Maiolino; P. D. Meerburg; S. Mittal; M. Pagano; S. Pegwal; C. Pieterse; J. R. Pritchard; A. Saxena; K. H. Scheutwinkel; P. Scott; E. Shen; P. H. Sims; O. Smirnov; M. Spinelli; K. Zarb-Adami
• Keywords: SIGNAL (programming language)

We detail the REACH radiometric system designed to enable measurements of 21-cm neutral hydrogen line. Included is radiometer architecture and end-to-end simulations as well a discussion challenges intrinsic highly-calibratable development. Following this, we share laboratory results based on calculation noise wave parameters utilising an over-constrained least squares approach. For five hours integration custom-made source with comparable impedance that antenna used in field, demonstrate calibration RMSE 80 mK. This paper therefore documents state calibrator data analysis December 2022 Cambridge before shipping South Africa.