The Social Life of Forest Carbon: Property and Politics in the Production of a New Commodity

• DOI: 10.1007/s10745-012-9524-1
• Publication Date: 2012-09-07T23:31:13Z
• Authors: Sango Mahanty; Sarah Milne; Wolfram Dressler; Colin Filer
• Keywords: forest dynamics; commodity market; 05 social sciences; Property; 0211 other engineering and technologies; 0507 social and economic geography; land tenure; 02 engineering and technology; 15. Life on land; environmental politics; offsets; Papua New Guinea; climate change; governance; Keywords: carbon sequestration; Forest carbon; 13. Climate action; 11. Sustainability; environmental economics; Philippines Commodity; Cambodia; REDD+; global change

Interventions to conserve carbon stored in forests are central to the emerging global climate change regime. Widely referred to as REDD+, these interventions engage local resource holders in contracts to restrict their use of land and forests in exchange for conditional benefits, effectively creating a market for forest carbon—a new and intangible commodity. Delving into the social and material implications of this, three case studies (Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Cambodia) examine property relations in the early stages of forest carbon production in different tenure contexts. The case studies reveal that: (a) the risk of local exclusion from forest and lands under REDD+ is real, but is mediated by dynamic negotiations over knowledge and property; (b) the relationship between forest carbon and underlying property relations around land and forests is recursive and mutually constitutive; and (c) due to ongoing and entrenched property contests in REDD+ locations, there remains an unstable foundation for forest carbon markets.