Polysaccharide extract of Caesalpinia ferrea (Mart) pods attenuates inflammation and enhances the proliferative phase of rat cutaneous wounds

• DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01024-9
• Publication Date: 2022-08-03T16:03:09Z
• Authors: Mário Rogério Lim...; José Ronildo Lins...; Timna Varela Martins; Devany Quintela S...; Mariana Pereira d...; Paulo Goberlânio ...; Ana Paula Negreir...; Maria Gonçalves P...; Ana Maria Sampaio...
• Keywords: Inflammation; 0301 basic medicine; Analgesics; 0303 health sciences; Caesalpinia; Nitrates; Plant Extracts; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Rats; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Polysaccharides; Malondialdehyde; Animals; Saline Solution; Rats, Wistar

Pods of Caesalpinia ferrea, popularly used to treat inflammatory processes, were collected to obtain the polysaccharide-rich extract, presenting anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in acute inflammation models. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and healing activities of the polysaccharide-rich extract from Caesalpinia ferrea pods (PEp-Cf) in the rat model of cutaneous excisional wound. PEp-Cf (0.025-0.1%) or 0.9% NaCl was topically applied in the wounds at dorsal thoracic region (2×/day) during 21 days for measurement of clinical signs (hyperemia, inflammatory exudate, edema, nociception), wound size, histopathological/histomorphometric, oxidative/inflammatory markers and systemic toxicity. PEp-Cf at 0.1% reduced wound area and increased ulcer contraction [days 2 and 10 (21-78%)]. PEp-Cf reduced clinical signs [days 2 and 5 (2.2-2.8×)] and modulated the healing inflammatory phase via stimulation of epithelialization (days 10 and 14), and inhibition of polymorphonuclears [days 2 and 5 (71-74%)], protein leakage [days 2 and 5 (28-41%)], nitrate [days 2 and 5 (2.2-6×)] and malondialdehyde [days 2 and 5 (46-49%)]. PEp-Cf increased the number of blood vessels [days 5 and 7 (3.1-9.6×)], fibroblasts [days 5 and 7 (2.1-6.4×)] and collagen [days 5 to 14 (1.5-1.8×)]. In conclusion, the topical application of PEp-Cf at 0.1% accelerates the healing process of rat cutaneous wounds via modulation of the inflammatory and proliferative phases, being devoid of systemic alterations.