Structure of human insulin monomer in water/acetonitrile solution

• DOI: 10.1007/s10858-007-9206-2
• Publication Date: 2007-11-26T10:22:15Z
• Authors: Wojciech Bocian; Jerzy Sitkowski; Elżbieta Bednarek; Anna Tarnowska; Robert Kawęcki; Lech Kozerski
• Keywords: Models, Molecular; 0301 basic medicine; Protein Folding; Acetonitriles; Water; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Solutions; 03 medical and health sciences; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular

Here we present evidence that in water/acetonitrile solvent detailed structural and dynamic information can be obtained for important proteins that are naturally present as oligomers under native conditions. An NMR-derived human insulin monomer structure in H2O/CD3CN, 65/35 vol%, pH 3.6 is presented and compared with the available X-ray structure of a monomer that forms part of a hexamer (Acta Crystallogr. 2003 Sec. D59, 474) and with NMR structures in water and organic cosolvent. Detailed analysis using PFGSE NMR, temperature-dependent NMR, dilution experiments and CSI proves that the structure is monomeric in the concentration and temperature ranges 0.1-3 mM and 10-30 degrees C, respectively. The presence of long-range interstrand NOEs, as found in the crystal structure of the monomer, provides the evidence for conservation of the tertiary structure. Starting from structures calculated by the program CYANA, two different molecular dynamics simulated annealing refinement protocols were applied, either using the program AMBER in vacuum (AMBER_VC), or including a generalized Born solvent model (AMBER_GB).