Poly ethylene glycol mediated in vitro screening and physico-biochemical changes induced in mango callus due to moisture stress

• DOI: 10.1007/s11240-020-01999-9
• Publication Date: 2021-01-07T08:11:48Z
• Authors: Satyabrata Pradhan; Sanjay Kumar Singh; Manish Srivastav; Jai Prakash; Sanjay Kumar Lal; Jasdeep Chatrath ...; Amit Kumar Goswami; Naveen Kumar Maurya
• Keywords: Drought Tolerance; Callus; Osmolyte; Moisture stress; Malondialdehyde

A method for in vitro screening and selection of drought (moisture stress) tolerant mango calli was developed. Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) (Molecular weight 6000) at various concentrations was used to induce moisture stress and reveal the underlying mechanisms used by mango calli for low moisture stress tolerance. The results demonstrated that there was significant impact of PEG induced moisture stress on various growth and biochemical parameters of mango calli. Based on the mortality rate, the calculated Lethal Dose 50 suggested that amongst the five mango genotypes, the polyembryonic (Olour, Kurakkan and K-2) had almost double tolerance level as compared to the monoembryonic (Amrapali and Dashehari) genotypes. Osmolytes like proline and total soluble sugars were higher in calli of the tolerant as compared to susceptible genotypes. The highest proline (0.683 µM g−1 FW) and total soluble sugars (24.61 mg g−1 FW) were observed in Olour. However, the highest malondialdehyde was in noted in Dashehari (20.25 µM g−1 FW) followed by Amrapali (19.68 µM g−1 FW). The activity of different antioxidant enzymes, namely, catalase, super oxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were increased in the mango calli when grown in the PEG supplemented media though intensity varied in susceptible and tolerant genotypes. These results can be used for in vitro screening and selection for low moisture stress tolerance in other mango genotypes, somaclones, in vitro induced mutants etc. PEG induced drought stress reduced the growth and modulated various biochemical parameters under in vitro conditions. Polyembryonic mango genotypes (Olour and Kurakkan) were observed to be distinctly moisture stress tolerant.