Greenhouse gas emissions from Fleckvieh cattle production systems in the Amazon region, Peru

• DOI: 10.1007/s11250-025-04358-y
• Publication Date: 2025-02-27T07:28:38Z
• Authors: Deysi Ruiz-Llontop; Segundo M. Portoc...; Hugo Frias; Luis Murga; Joe Mantilla-Oliva; Dante M. Pizarro; José Velarde-Guillén; José Américo Sauc...

This study aimed to quantify the carbon footprint (CF) from Fleckvieh cattle production systems in Amazon region of Peru. Ten farms distributed across four provinces: Chachapoyas (System I; n = 2), Bongara II; 4), Rodriguez de Mendoza III; and Utcubamba IV; 2) were assessed. Parameters such as average live weight, animal units (AU), dry matter intake, fat protein-corrected milk (FPCM), digestibility, protein content consumed forage analyzed. CF was calculated using 2019 Refinement 2006 IPCC guidelines. The database analyzed analysis variance Duncan's statistical test (p < 0.05) compare systems. A Pearson correlation carried out observe variables association level. Results revealed a 2.50, 2.70 2.65 kg CO2eq/kg FPCM by biophysical allocation, according Global Warming Potential 2007, 2014 2021, respectively. Enteric methane (82.6%) nitrous oxide manure management (17.2%) main contributors greenhouse gas emissions. Positive correlations found between emissions whit total (r 0.94), AU 0.99), low-producing animals 0.96). System I exhibited lowest enteric emissions, suggesting better livestock feed management. highlights need optimize herd composition, increase levels, reduce mitigate CF. Additionally, improving quality (increasing digestibility) enhances production, securing economic well-being smallholder farmers agricultural sustainability region.