Urban forest invertebrates: how they shape and respond to the urban environment

• DOI: 10.1007/s11252-022-01240-9
• Publication Date: 2022-05-19T13:03:41Z
• Authors: D. Johan Kotze; Elizabeth C. Lowe; J. Scott MacIvor; Alessandro Ossola; Briony A. Norton; Dieter F. Hochuli; Luis Mata; Marco Moretti; Sara A. Gagné; I. Tanya Handa; Therésa M. Jones; Caragh G. Threlfall; Amy K. Hahs
• Keywords: Urban ecology; Urban ecosystem

Abstract Invertebrates comprise the most diversified animal group on Earth. Due to their long evolutionary history and small size, invertebrates occupy a remarkable range of ecological niches, play an important role as “ecosystem engineers” by structuring networks mutualistic antagonistic interactions in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. Urban forests provide critical ecosystem services humans, and, other systems, are central maintaining functioning urban forests. Identifying can help elucidate importance practitioners public, not only preserve biodiversity environments, but also make public aware functional healthy greenspaces. In this review, we examine multiple roles that contribute service provisioning, including pollination, predation, herbivory, seed microorganism dispersal organic matter decomposition, those lead disservices, primarily from health perspective, e.g., transmission invertebrate-borne diseases. We then identify number filters structure forest invertebrate communities, such changes habitat structure, increased landscape imperviousness, microclimatic pollution. discuss complexity ways respond urbanisation, acclimation, local extinction evolution. Finally, present management recommendations support conserve viable diverse populations into future.