Alleviation of glyphosate-induced toxicity by Horseradish tree (Moringa oleifera) Leaf extract and phytase in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) highlighting the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities

• DOI: 10.1007/s11259-025-10672-5
• Publication Date: 2025-03-10T10:50:21Z
• Authors: Esraa A. Elahwl; Doaa H. Assar; Ibrahim I. Al-Hawary; Abdallah S. Salah; Amany E. Ragab; Ahmed Elsheshtawy; Mona Assas; Haitham G. Abo-Al...; Alamira Marzouk F...; Zizy I. Elbialy
• Keywords: Nile tilapia; Phytase; Moringa

Abstract The danger posed by waterborne toxicity from herbicides endangers the aquatic ecosystem. Using dietary medicinal herbs is a useful approach to mitigate effects of herbicide on animals. This study attempts examine consequences and potential mechanisms behind addition horseradish tree ( Moringa oleifera ) leaf extract (MOLE) with help phytase check overall growth performance, biochemical changes, histological alteration, gene expression in normal after glyphosate challenge Nile tilapia. A total number 135 tilapia fish (7.93 $$\pm$$ 0.03 g) were randomly assigned into three groups each triplicate. first group control fed basal diet; second supplied MOLE (200 mg extract/kg), third was /kg), (0.2g/ kg) for 8 weeks. After feeding trial, experimental divided two subgroups be unchallenged challenged (30 mg/L water). results declared significant enhancements P < 0.05) Weight Gain Percent (WG%), Specific rate (SGR), Protein efficiency ratio (PER) reducing feed conversion (FCR) up-regulating hepatic gh, igf1 ,myogenine, intestinal ghrelin NPY compared group. Moreover, improving antioxidant capacity while down-regulating igf1bp , myostatin. Interstingly, lightened glyphosate-induced alterations, antioxidants, apoptosis, inflammation-associated genes glyphosate-challenged Interestingly, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis recognized 16 compounds encompasing glucosinolates, flavonoids, one phenolic alkaloids four fatty acids, terpenoid, phytate an aromatic glycoside. These components might accountable exerted MOLE. Therefore, current suggests that supplementation can used as substitute supplements sustainable farming defend against challenges enhance growth, capacity, exerting anti-inflammatory antiapoptotic under health conditions or post challenge.