Characterization of endophytic Bacillus strains from tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) displaying antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea Pers

0301 basic medicine Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology Antifungal Agents Base Sequence Plant Stems Bacillus Microbial Sensitivity Tests DNA, Ribosomal Plant Roots Plant Leaves Lipopeptides 03 medical and health sciences Biological Control Agents Solanum lycopersicum Antibiosis Endophytes Botrytis Peptides Pest Control, Biological Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides Plant Diseases
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1943-x Publication Date: 2015-09-07T09:29:09Z
ABSTRACT
Eighty endophytic bacteria were isolated from healthy tissues of roots, stems, leaves and fruits of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum). Four strains, named BL1, BT5, BR8 and BF11 were selected for their antagonism against Botrytis cinerea, a phytopathogenic fungus responsible of gray mold in several important crops, with growth inhibitory activity ranging from 27 to 53%. Morphological, biochemical, and molecular parameters as 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that the selected bacterial strains were related to Bacillus species which are known to produce and secrete a lot of lipopeptides with strong inhibitory effect against pathogen mycelial growth. Electrospray mass spectrometry analysis showed that these strains produced heterogeneous mixture of antibiotics belonging to fengycin and surfactin for BL1 and BT5, to iturin and surfactin for BR8, to bacillomycin D, fengycin and surfactin for BF11. Furthermore, these bacteria exhibited biocontrol potential by reducing the disease severity when tested on detached leaflets. Based on their antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, these strains could be used for biological control of plant diseases.
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