The impact of urban rain on the changes of bare and artificially patinated bronze during 9-year exposure

• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33369-9
• Publication Date: 2024-04-19T16:01:45Z
• Authors: Tadeja Kosec; Mirjam Bajt Leban; Polonca Ropret; Matjaž Finšgar
• Keywords: Bronze

Atmospheric pollutants in the air form acid rain which interacts with bronze surfaces exposed urban outdoor environment. In this study, different types of patinas on were investigated during and after 9 years exposure to environment moderately polluted continental city. Natural patina artificial brown sulphide, green chloride, green-blue nitrate investigated. Visual assessment was carried out at defined periods. After exposure, an electrochemical study performed investigate activity rain. Additionally, characterised using a variety techniques, including metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman diffraction analysis, X-ray-photoelectron time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analyse surface morphology, chemical composition, stratigraphic features patinas. Evolution shown be result both, composition hydrophobicity patinated surfaces.