Ingestion of Lactobacillus strain reduces anxiety and improves cognitive function in the hyperammonemia rat
cognition
Male
0301 basic medicine
Serotonin
hyperammonemia
Interleukin-1beta
610
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Anxiety
Dinoprostone
neuroinflammation
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
03 medical and health sciences
Environmental Science(all)
Animals
Humans
Hyperammonemia
0303 health sciences
Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Probiotics
Brain
Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid
anxiety
6. Clean water
serotonin
Rats
3. Good health
Disease Models, Animal
Lactobacillus
probiotics
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Inflammation Mediators
Cognition Disorders
DOI:
10.1007/s11427-014-4615-4
Publication Date:
2014-02-19T09:21:07Z
AUTHORS (6)
ABSTRACT
Evidence suggests that the hyperammonemia (HA)-induced neuroinflammation and alterations in the serotonin (5-HT) system may contribute to cognitive decline and anxiety disorder during hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Probiotics that maintain immune system homeostasis and regulate the 5-HT system may be potential treatment for HA-mediated neurological disorders in HE. In this study, we tested the efficacy of probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus strain NS8 in preventing cognitive decline and anxiety-like behavior in HA rats. Chronic HA was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ammonium acetate for four weeks in male Sprague-Dawley rats. HA rats were then given Lactobacillus helveticus strain NS8 (10(9) CFU mL(-1)) in drinking water as a daily supplementation. The Morris water maze task assessed cognitive function, and the elevated plus maze test evaluated anxiety-like behavior. Neuroinflammation was assessed by measuring the inflammatory markers: inducible nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin-1 β in the brain. 5-HT system activity was evaluated by measuring 5-HT and its metabolite, 5-HIAA, and the 5-HT precursor, tryptophan. Probiotic treatment of HA rats significantly reduced the level of inflammatory markers, decreased 5-HT metabolism, restored cognitive function and improved anxiety-like behavior. These results indicate that probiotic L. helveticus strain NS8 is beneficial for the treatment of cognitive decline and anxiety-like behavior in HA rats.
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