Targeting Cellular DNA Damage Responses in Cancer: An In Vitro-Calibrated Agent-Based Model Simulating Monolayer and Spheroid Treatment Responses to ATR-Inhibiting Drugs

• DOI: 10.1007/s11538-021-00935-y
• Publication Date: 2021-08-30T08:16:48Z
• Authors: Sara Hamis; James Yates; Mark A. J. Chaplain; Gibin G. Powathil
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Agent-based model; 610; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; Network Pharmacology; 530; RC0254; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; Cell Line, Tumor; Neoplasms; Animals; AZD6738; 0303 health sciences; DNA damage response inhibition; RC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer); 3rd-DAS; Mathematical Concepts; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; 3. Good health; Mathemathical oncology; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Original Article; DNA Damage

AbstractWe combine a systems pharmacology approach with an agent-based modelling approach to simulate LoVo cells subjected to AZD6738, an ATR (ataxia–telangiectasia-mutated and rad3-related kinase) inhibiting anti-cancer drug that can hinder tumour proliferation by targeting cellular DNA damage responses. The agent-based model used in this study is governed by a set of empirically observable rules. By adjusting only the rules when moving between monolayer and multi-cellular tumour spheroid simulations, whilst keeping the fundamental mathematical model and parameters intact, the agent-based model is first parameterised by monolayer in vitro data and is thereafter used to simulate treatment responses in in vitro tumour spheroids subjected to dynamic drug delivery. Spheroid simulations are subsequently compared to in vivo data from xenografts in mice. The spheroid simulations are able to capture the dynamics of in vivo tumour growth and regression for approximately 8 days post-tumour injection. Translating quantitative information between in vitro and in vivo research remains a scientifically and financially challenging step in preclinical drug development processes. However, well-developed in silico tools can be used to facilitate this in vitro to in vivo translation, and in this article, we exemplify how data-driven, agent-based models can be used to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo research. We further highlight how agent-based models, that are currently underutilised in pharmaceutical contexts, can be used in preclinical drug development.