Anti-inflammatory, Antithrombotic and Cardiac Remodeling Preventive Effects of Eugenol in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Wistar Rat

• DOI: 10.1007/s12012-015-9343-x
• Publication Date: 2015-09-21T12:54:18Z
• Authors: Kais Mnafgui; Raouf Hajji; Fatma Derbali; Anis Gammoudi; Gaddour Khabbabi; Hedi Ellefi; Noureddine Allouche; Adel Kadri; Neji Gharsallah
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; 0303 health sciences; Myocardium; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Hemodynamics; Isoproterenol; Myocardial Infarction; Fibrinogen; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Kidney; Antioxidants; 3. Good health; Disease Models, Animal; Necrosis; 03 medical and health sciences; Fibrinolytic Agents; Eugenol; Animals; Cytokines; Lipid Peroxidation; Inflammation Mediators; Blood Coagulation; Biomarkers

This study aimed to evaluate the antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cardiac remodeling properties of eugenol in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, control, iso [100 mg/kg body weight was injected subcutaneously into rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days (6th and 7th day) to induce MI] and pretreated animals with clopidogrel (0.2 mg/kg) and eugenol (50 mg/kg) orally for 7 days and intoxicated with isoproterenol (Iso + Clop) and (Iso + EG) groups. Isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarcted rats showed notable changes in the ECG pattern, increase in heart weight index, deterioration in the hemodynamic function and rise in plasma level of troponin-T, CK-MB and LDH and ALT by 316, 74, 172 and 45 %, respectively, with histological myocardium necrosis and cells inflammatory infiltration. In addition, significant increases in plasma levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as fibrinogen, α1, α2, β1, β2 and γ globulins with decrease level of albumin were observed in infarcted rats as compared to normal ones. Else, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in plasma, kidney and heart of the isoproterenol-induced rats was significantly increased by 34, 47 and 93 %, respectively, as compared to normal group. However, the administration of eugenol induced a clear improvement in cardiac biomarkers injury, reduced inflammatory mediators proteins, increased heart activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase with reduce in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances content and inhibition of ventricular remodeling process through inhibition of ACE activity. Overall, eugenol evidences high preventive effects from cardiac remodeling process.