Case–control association study of polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme genes and coronary artery disease and systemic artery hypertension in African-Brazilians and Caucasian-Brazilians

• DOI: 10.1007/s12041-015-0599-5
• Publication Date: 2016-01-26T09:17:15Z
• Authors: RICARDO BONFIM-SILVA; LARISSA OLIVEIRA ...; JANDSON SOUZA SANTOS; JAQUELINE FAGUNDE...; ANA ANGÉLICA LEAL...; DOMINGOS LAZARO S...
• Keywords: Adult; Male; 0301 basic medicine; Polymorphism, Genetic; Angiotensinogen; Black People; Coronary Artery Disease; Middle Aged; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; White People; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Case-Control Studies; Hypertension; Humans; Female; Brazil

The rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a critical pathway in regulating blood pressure and salt/water homeostasis, possessing an intimate relationship with the development of systemic artery hypertension (SAH). Once hypertension is considered a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), the RAAS is also related to this pathology. This investigation aimed to analyse if the frequencies of AGT M235T (rs699) and ACE I/D (rs4646994) polymorphisms are associated with CAD and SAH in African-Brazilians and Caucasian-Brazilians. In this study we analysed 714 subjects who underwent coronary angiography to detect obstructive lesions and CAD, as well as blood pressure measurement and SAH, grouped according to ethnicity: 266 African-Brazilians and 448 Caucasian-Brazilians. Among CAD and SAH cases and controls, the genotype and allele frequencies of ACE I/D polymorphism were similar in both ethnic groups. The AGT 235TT genotype and 235T allele frequencies were higher in SAH cases (32%, 54.7%) versus controls in Caucasian-Brazilians (19.8%, 46.4%; P = 0.038, P = 0.031, respectively). The AGT 235TT (OR = 1.8; P = 0.028) demonstrated to be an independent factor risk in a multivariate logistic regression increasing SAH risk in Caucasians but not in African-Brazilians. In summary, AGT M235T polymorphism was associated with SAH risk in Caucasian-Brazilians, and no association was detected with CAD. No association was also observed in ACE I/D polymorphism either in CAD or SAH in African-Brazilians and Caucasian-Brazilians.