Pollution in the Arctic Ocean: An overview of multiple pressures and implications for ecosystem services

• DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01657-0
• Publication Date: 2021-12-07T15:02:53Z
• Authors: Bryony L. Townhill; Efstathios Reppas...; Roxana Sühring; Crispin J. Halsall; Elena Mengo; Tina Sanders; Kirsten Dähnke; Odile Crabeck; Jan Kaiser; Silvana N. R. Bir...
• Keywords: Marine ecosystem

The Arctic is undergoing unprecedented change. Observations and models demonstrate significant perturbations to the physical biological systems. species ecosystems, particularly in marine environment, are subject a wide range of pressures from human activities, including exposure complex mixture pollutants, climate change fishing activity. These affect ecosystem services that provides. Current international policies attempting support sustainable exploitation resources with view balancing wellbeing environmental protection. However, assessments potential combined impacts activities limited by data, related understanding processes, single ecosystem-level actions. This manuscript considers how, when combined, suite existing tools can be used assess pollutants combination other anthropogenic on these ecosystems provide. Recommendations made for advancement targeted research inform practices regulatory decisions.