Building Programs to Eradicate Toxoplasmosis Part III: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

• DOI: 10.1007/s40124-022-00265-0
• Publication Date: 2022-06-22T05:03:46Z
• Authors: Mariangela Soberó...; Kanix Wang; Catalina Raggi; Aliya Moreira; Abhinav Pandey; Andrew Grose; Zuleima Caballero; Claudia Rengifo-H...; Margarita Ramirez; Davina Moossazadeh; Catherine Castro; José Luis Sanchez...; Karen Leahy; Ying Zhou; Fatima Alibana Cl...; Maryam Siddiqui; Nicole Leong; Perpetua Goodall; Morgan Michalowski; Mahmoud Ismail; Monica Christmas; Stephen Schrantz; Ximena Norero; Dora Estripeaut; David Ellis; Kevin Ashi; Samantha Dovgin; Ashtyn Dixon; Xuan Li; Ian Begeman; Sharon Heichman; Joseph Lykins; Delba Villalobos-...; Lorena Fabrega; Connie Mendivil; Mario R. Quijada; Silvia Fernández-...; Valli de La Guardia; Digna Wong; Mayrene de Ladrón...; Carlos Flores; Jovanna Borace; Anabel García; Natividad Caballero; Maria Theresa Mor...; Michael Politis; Stephanie Ross; Mimansa Dogra; Vishan Dhamsania; Nicholas Graves; Marci Kirchberg; Kopal Mathur; Ashley Aue; Carlos M. Restrepo; Alejandro Llanes; German Guzman; Arturo Rebollon; Kenneth Boyer; Peter Heydemann; A. Gwendolyn Noble; Charles Swisher; Peter Rabiah; Shawn Withers; Teri Hull; Chunlei Su; Michael Blair; Paul Latkany; Ernest Mui; Daniel Vitor Vasc...; Alcibiades Villareal; Ambar Perez; Carlos Andrés Nar...; Mónica Vargas Montes; Nestor Ivan Cardo...; Morgan Ramirez; Cy Chittenden; Edward Wang; Laura Lorena Garc...; Juliana Muñoz-Ortiz; Nicolás Rivera-Va...; María Cristina Bo...; Gabriela Castaño ...; Guillermo Padrieu; Juan David Valenc...; Daniel Celis-Giraldo; John Alejandro Ac...; Elizabeth Torres; Manuela Mejia Oqu...; José Y. Arteaga-R...; Dan Nicolae; Andrey Rzhetsky; Nancy Roizen; Eileen Stillwaggon; Larry Sawers; Francois Peyron; Martine Wallon; Emanuelle Chapey; Pauline Levigne; Carmen Charter; Migdalia De Frias; Jose Montoya; Cindy Press; Raymund Ramirez; Despina Contopoul...; Yvonne Maldonado; Oliver Liesenfeld; Carlos Gomez; Kelsey Wheeler; Ellen Holfels; David Frim; David McLone; Richard Penn; William Cohen; Samantha Zehar; James McAuley; Denis Limonne; Sandrine Houze; Sylvie Abraham; Raphael Piarroux; Vera Tesic; Kathleen Beavis; Ana Abeleda; Mari Sautter; Bouchra El Mansouri; Adlaoui El Bachir; Fatima Amarir; Kamal El Bissati; Alejandra de-la-T...; Gabrielle Britton; Jorge Motta; Eduardo Ortega-Ba...; Isabel Luz Romero; Paul Meier; Michael Grigg; Jorge Gómez-Marín; Jagannatha Rao Ko...; Xavier Sáez Llorens; Osvaldo Reyes; Rima McLeod
• Keywords: 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; Article; 3. Good health

AbstractPurpose of ReviewReview comprehensive data on rates of toxoplasmosis in Panama and Colombia.Recent FindingsSamples and data sets from Panama and Colombia, that facilitated estimates regarding seroprevalence of antibodies toToxoplasmaand risk factors, were reviewed.SummaryScreening maps, seroprevalence maps, and risk factor mathematical models were devised based on these data. Studies in Ciudad de Panamá estimated seroprevalence at between 22 and 44%. Consistent relationships were found between higher prevalence rates and factors such as poverty and proximity to water sources. Prenatal screening rates for anti-Toxoplasmaantibodies were variable, despite existence of a screening law. Heat maps showed a correlation between proximity to bodies of water and overallToxoplasmaseroprevalence. Spatial epidemiological maps and mathematical models identify specific regions that could most benefit from comprehensive, preventive healthcare campaigns related to congenital toxoplasmosis andToxoplasmainfection.