Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity

• DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0576-8
• Publication Date: 2016-11-17T00:11:34Z
• Authors: P. Di Bonito; L. Pacifico; C. Chiesa; G. Valerio; E. Miraglia del G...; C. Maffeis; A. Morandi; C. Invitti; M. R. Licenziati; S. Loche; G. Tornese; F. Franco; M. Manco; M. G. Baroni
• Keywords: Blood Glucose; Male; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pediatric obesity; Prediabetes; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Child; Fasting; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Italy; Male; Obesity; Overweight; Prediabetic State; Prevalence; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Endocrinology; Adolescent; pediatric obesity; prediabetes; Prediabetic State; 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; impaired fasting glucose; Glucose Intolerance; Prevalence; Humans; Insulin; Obesity; Child; Cardiometabolic risk factor; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pediatric obesity; Prediabetes; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Endocrinology; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pediatric obesity; Fasting; Glucose Tolerance Test; Overweight; Impaired fasting glucose; cardiometabolic risk factors; 3. Good health; impaired glucose tolerance; Italy; Case-Control Studies; Prediabete; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pediatric obesity; Prediabetes; Endocrinology; Diabetes and Metabolism; Endocrinology; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Impaired fasting glucose; Impaired glucose tolerance; Pediatric obesity; Prediabetes; Adolescent; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Child; Fasting; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Italy; Male; Obesity; Overweight; Prediabetic State; Prevalence; Female; Insulin Resistance; Case-Control Studie; Human

To investigate in a large sample of overweight/obese (OW/OB) children and adolescents the prevalence of prediabetic phenotypes such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and to assess their association with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors including hepatic steatosis (HS).Population data were obtained from the CARdiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents in ITALY study. Between 2003 and 2013, 3088 youths (972 children and 2116 adolescents) received oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and were included in the study. In 798 individuals, abdominal ultrasound for identification of HS was available.The prevalence of IFG (3.2 vs. 3.3%) and IGT (4.6 vs. 5.0%) was similar between children and adolescents. Children with isolated IGT had a 2-11 fold increased risk of high LDL-C, non-HDL-C, Tg/HDL-C ratio, and low insulin sensitivity, when compared to those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). No significant association of IFG with any CMR factor was found in children. Among adolescents, IGT subjects, and to a lesser extent those with IFG, showed a worse CMR profile compared to NGT subgroup. In the overall sample, IGT phenotype showed a twofold increased risk of HS compared to NGT subgroup.Our study shows an unexpected similar prevalence of IFG and IGT between children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. The IGT phenotype was associated with a worse CMR profile in both children and adolescents. Phenotyping prediabetes conditions by OGTT should be done as part of prediction and prevention of cardiometabolic diseases in OW/OB youth since early childhood.