Changing Rainfall Patterns in the Northeastern South Kivu Region, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Detailed Analysis Using CHIRPS Rainfall Data (1981–2023)

• DOI: 10.1007/s41748-024-00510-0
• Publication Date: 2024-11-06T07:02:17Z
• Authors: Bayongwa Samuel A...; Vithundwa Richard...; Djessy Karl Maouly; Cherifa Abdelbaki; Sameh A. Kantoush; Binh Quang Nguyen; Navneet Kumar
• Keywords: 01 natural sciences; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences

Abstract Understanding changes in rainfall patterns is vital for effective water resource management and agricultural planning climate-sensitive regions. In Northeastern South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, limited knowledge dynamics poses challenges local climate assessments. This study analyzed using Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) dataset from 1981 to 2023 fill this gap. The findings revealed significant spatial temporal across regions Kabare, Bukavu, Kalehe, Idjwi. Mean annual ranged 1136.92 mm 2048.85 mm, coefficients variation between 8.23% 8.45%. Monthly fluctuations were substantial, ranging 16 56.35%. Standardized anomalies indicated a shift predominantly wet conditions 1980s drier later decades, over half years 1990 recording below-average rainfall. Mann-Kendall trend analysis, supported by Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), confirmed decreases rainfall, rates − 3.53 -5.72 mm/year. Additionally, intensity indices highlighted decline total precipitation, suggested fewer extreme events. Spatial variability was observed, like Kalehe Bukavu showed higher values such as R95P RX1day compared Kabare These results underscored urgent need adaptive strategies mitigate scarcity manage changing region.