Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment

• DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00577-8
• Publication Date: 2024-05-19T18:01:18Z
• Authors: S. Madronich; G. H. Bernhard; P. J. Neale; A. Heikkilä; M. P. Sulbæk Ande...; A. L. Andrady; P. J. Aucamp; A. F. Bais; A. T. Banaszak; P. J. Barnes; J. F. Bornman; L. S. Bruckman; R. Busquets; G. Chiodo; D.-P. Häder; M. L. Hanson; S. Hylander; M. A. K. Jansen; G. Lingham; R. M. Lucas; R. Mackenzie Cald...; C. Olsen; R. Ossola; K. K. Pandey; I. Petropavlovskikh; L. E. Revell; L. E. Rhodes; S. A. Robinson; T. M. Robson; K. C. Rose; T. Schikowski; K. R. Solomon; B. Sulzberger; T. J. Wallington; Q.-W. Wang; S.-Å. Wängberg; C. C. White; S. R. Wilson; L. Zhu; R. E. Neale
• Keywords: Montreal Protocol; Tropospheric ozone; Ozone Depletion

Abstract The protection of Earth’s stratospheric ozone (O 3 ) is an ongoing process under the auspices universally ratified Montreal Protocol and its Amendments adjustments. A critical part this assessment environmental issues related to changes in O . United Nations Environment Programme’s Environmental Effects Assessment Panel provides annual scientific evaluations some key arising recent collective knowledge base. This current update includes a comprehensive incidence rates skin cancer, cataract other eye diseases observed worldwide; effects UV radiation on tropospheric oxidants, air water quality; trends breakdown products fluorinated chemicals information their toxicity; technological innovations building materials for greater resistance radiation. These span wide range topics, including both harmful beneficial exposure radiation, complex interactions with climate change. While has succeeded preventing large reductions , future may occur due number natural anthropogenic factors. Thus, frequent assessments potential impacts are essential ensure that policies remain based best available knowledge. Graphical abstract