Effect of PPAR-α and -γ agonist on the expression of visfatin, adiponectin, and TNF-α in visceral fat of OLETF rats

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.203
• Publication Date: 2005-09-07T19:11:20Z
• Authors: K.C. Choi; O.H. Ryu; K.W. Lee; H.Y. Kim; J.A. Seo; S.G. Kim; N.H. Kim; D.S. Choi; S.H. Baik; K.M. Choi
• Keywords: Blood Glucose; Male; 0303 health sciences; Rats, Inbred OLETF; Body Weight; Gene Expression; Glucose Tolerance Test; Lipids; Rats; PPAR gamma; 03 medical and health sciences; Adipose Tissue; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fenofibrate; Animals; Cytokines; Insulin; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; PPAR alpha; Adiponectin; RNA, Messenger; Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase

A variety of adipocytokines and peptides secreted from adipocytes have been considered to play a crucial role in obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Recently, visfatin, a new adipocytokine, known as a pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor, has been isolated from visceral fat deposits. It has been shown to activate insulin receptors in a manner different from insulin. To understand the role of adipocytokines in improving insulin sensitivity via activation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) and -gamma (PPAR-gamma), we examined the expression of visfatin, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha in visceral fat depots of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats from early to advanced diabetic stage (from 28 to 40 weeks of age). Serum glucose and insulin concentrations significantly (P<0.05) decreased in rosiglitazone or fenofibrate-treated OLETF rats compared to untreated OLETF rats. Rosiglitazone significantly increased serum adiponectin concentration from 20 to 40 weeks of age (P<0.05), whereas fenofibrate reduced TNF-alpha concentration. The expression of visfatin and adiponectin mRNA in visceral fat deposits was elevated by rosiglitazone or fenofibrate treatments when compared to untreated OLETF rats (P<0.05), whereas, TNF-alpha mRNA was down-regulated by these drugs (P<0.05). These results suggest that rosiglitazone and fenofibrate may prevent type 2 diabetes by regulating adipocytokines including visfatin, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha.