The NF-κB Factor Relish Regulates Atg1 Expression and Controls Autophagy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.076
• Publication Date: 2018-11-20T15:41:17Z
• Authors: Anubhab Nandy; Lin Lin; Panagiotis D. Vel...; Louisa P. Wu; Eric H. Baehrecke; Neal Silverman
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; autophagy; QH301-705.5; Cells; 610; Apoptosis; NF-κB; Article; Salivary Glands; 03 medical and health sciences; Autophagy; Animals; Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog; Drosophila Proteins; Biology (General); Hemic and Immune Systems; Immunity; Cell Biology; Cellular and Molecular Physiology; cell death; Drosophila melanogaster; Gene Expression Regulation; Caspases; Drosophila; Carrier Proteins; Transcription Factors

Macroautophagy and cell death both contribute to innate immunity, but little is known about how these processes integrate. Drosophila larval salivary glands require autophagy for developmentally programmed cell death, and innate immune signaling factors increase in these dying cells. Here, we show that the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) factor Relish, a component of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway, is required for salivary gland degradation. Surprisingly, of the classic Imd pathway components, only Relish and the PGRP receptors were involved in salivary gland degradation. Significantly, Relish controls salivary gland degradation by regulating autophagy but not caspases. In addition, expression of either Relish or PGRP-LC causes premature autophagy induction and subsequent gland degradation. Relish controls autophagy by regulating the expression of Atg1, a core component and activator of the autophagy pathway. Together these findings demonstrate that a NF-κB pathway regulates autophagy during developmentally programmed cell death.