Adipocyte Reprogramming by the Transcriptional Coregulator GPS2 Impacts Beta Cell Insulin Secretion

• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108141
• Publication Date: 2020-09-15T14:47:54Z
• Authors: Karima Drareni; Raphaëlle Ballaire; Fawaz Alzaid; Andreia Goncalves; Catherine Chollet; Serena Barilla; Jean-Louis Nguewa; Karine Dias; Sophie Lemoine; Jean-Pierre Riveline; Ronan Roussel; Elise Dalmas; Gilberto Velho; Eckardt Treuter; Jean-François Gau...; Nicolas Venteclef
• Keywords: Inflammation; Male; Mice, Knockout; 0301 basic medicine; [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; Adipose Tissue, White; Adipocytes, White; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; Glucose; Adipose Tissue; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Report; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Glucose Intolerance; Insulin Secretion; Animals; Insulin; Female; Obesity; Insulin Resistance

Glucose homeostasis is maintained through organ crosstalk that regulates secretion of insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a physiological range. In type 2 diabetes, this coordinated response is altered, leading to a deregulation of beta cell function and inadequate insulin secretion. Reprogramming of white adipose tissue has a central role in this deregulation, but the critical regulatory components remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that expression of the transcriptional coregulator GPS2 in white adipose tissue is correlated with insulin secretion rate in humans. The causality of this relationship is confirmed using adipocyte-specific GPS2 knockout mice, in which inappropriate secretion of insulin promotes glucose intolerance. This phenotype is driven by adipose-tissue-secreted factors, which cause increased pancreatic islet inflammation and impaired beta cell function. Thus, our study suggests that, in mice and in humans, GPS2 controls the reprogramming of white adipocytes to influence pancreatic islet function and insulin secretion.