Systems immunology of transcriptional responses to viral infection identifies conserved antiviral pathways across macaques and humans

• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113706
• Publication Date: 2024-01-30T10:01:16Z
• Authors: Kalani Ratnasiri; Hong Zheng; Jiaying Toh; Zhiyuan Yao; Veronica Duran; Michele Donato; Mario Roederer; Megha Kamath; John-Paul M. Todd; Matthew Gagne; Kathryn E. Foulds; Joseph R. Francica; Kizzmekia S. Corbett; Daniel C. Douek; Robert A. Seder; Shirit Einav; Catherine A. Blish; Purvesh Khatri
• Keywords: Viral infection

Viral pandemics and epidemics pose a significant global threat. While macaque models of viral disease are routinely used, it remains unclear how conserved antiviral responses between macaques humans. Therefore, we conducted cross-species analysis transcriptomic data from over 6,088 blood samples humans infected with one 31 viruses. Our findings demonstrate that irrespective primate or species, there consistent across infection phase (acute, chronic, latent) genome type (DNA RNA viruses). Leveraging longitudinal experimental challenges, identify virus-specific response kinetics such as host to Coronaviridae Orthomyxoviridae infections peaking 1-3 days earlier than Filoviridae Arenaviridae infections. results underscore studies powerful tool for understanding pathogenesis immune translate humans, implications therapeutic development pandemic preparedness.