Effects of gadolinium (Gd) and a Gd-based contrast agent (GBCA) on early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140950
• Publication Date: 2023-12-17T07:30:27Z
• Authors: Stefania Piarulli; Juliane A. Riedel; Frida N. Fossum; Florence Kermen; Bjørn Henrik Hansen; Bjarne Kvæstad; Pål A. Olsvik; Julia Farkas
• Keywords: Danio; Biota; MRI contrast agent

Gadolinium (Gd) is one of the rare earth elements (REY) and widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Anthropogenic Gd enrichment has frequently been found wastewater treatment plant effluents industrialised countries, rising concerns regarding effects on aquatic biota. This study investigates acute toxicity sublethal two forms, as inorganic salt (GdCl3) Gd-based agent (GBCA), early life stages zebrafish (Danio rerio). Nominal exposure concentrations ranged from 3 to 3000 μg L−1, with an duration 96 h. None tested compounds were acutely toxic embryos larvae. Similarly, we did not observe any larval development locomotive behaviour. However, significant changes brain activity larvae exposed highest GdCl3 GBCA. Our findings show that can have developing fish at lower than reported previously, highlighting necessity investigating long-term fate GBCAs released into environment.