Intermittent fasting, calorie restriction, and a ketogenic diet improve mitochondrial function by reducing lipopolysaccharide signaling in monocytes during obesity: A randomized clinical trial

• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.06.036
• Publication Date: 2024-07-05T01:30:08Z
• Authors: Martha Guevara-Cruz; Karla G. Hernánde...; Citlally Condado-...; Luis E. González-...; Ana Karen Peña-Fl...; Edgar Pichardo-On...; Aurora E. Serrald...; Mónica Sánchez-Tapia; Otoniel Maya; Isabel Medina-Vera; Lilia G. Noriega; Adriana López-Bar...; Oscar Rodríguez-Lima; Irma Mata; Viridiana Olin–Sa...; Nimbe Torres; Armando R. Tovar; Laura A. Velázque...
• Keywords: Ketogenic Diet; Calorie Restriction; Bioenergetics; Calorie

BackgroundMitochondrial dysfunction occurs in monocytes during obesity and contributes to a low-grade inflammatory state; therefore, maintaining good mitochondrial conditions is key aspect of health. Dietary interventions are primary strategies for treating obesity, but little known about their impact on monocyte bioenergetics. Thus, the aim this study was evaluate effects calorie restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF), ketogenic diet (KD), an ad libitum habitual (AL) function its modulation by gut microbiota.Methods findingsA randomized controlled clinical trial conducted which individuals with were assigned one 4 groups 1 month. Subsequently, subjects received rifaximin continued another The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) evaluated isolated monocytes, as microbiota composition feces anthropometric biochemical parameters. Forty-four completed study, those who underwent CR, IF KD had increase maximal respiration OCR (p = 0.025, n2p 0.159 [0.05, 0.27] 95% confidence interval) compared that AL group. improvement associated decrease dependence glycolysis after interventions. Together, increased diversity 0.0001), enriched abundance Phascolarctobacterium faecium 0.019) CR group Ruminococcus bromii 0.020) groups, reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria at end according ANCOVA covariate adjustment. Spearman's correlation between variables measured highlighted LPS potential modulator observed effects. In line findings, serum intracellular signaling decreased three (CR, p 0.002; IF, 0.001; KD, 0.001) study.ConclusionsWe conclude these dietary positively regulate bioenergetic health improve metabolic profile via microbiota. Moreover, evaluation could be used indicator status, applications future trials.Trial registrationThis registered ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05200468).