Molecular Basis of Natural Variation in Photoperiodic Flowering Responses

570 cis-regulatory changes Photoperiod Arabidopsis Genetically Modified Flowers photoperiod Databases 03 medical and health sciences FT florigen Genetic Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Databases, Genetic natural variation transcription factor 0303 health sciences Arabidopsis Proteins 500 flowering time Plant Plants Plants, Genetically Modified gibberellin DNA-Binding Proteins MYC3 Gene Expression Regulation Trans-Activators Signal Transduction Transcription Factors
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.018 Publication Date: 2019-06-06T14:34:24Z
ABSTRACT
Plants exhibit different flowering behaviors in response to variable photoperiods across a wide geographical range. Here, we identify MYC3, a bHLH transcription factor, and its cis-element form the long-sought regulatory module responsible for cis-regulatory changes at the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) that mediate natural variation in photoperiodic flowering responses in Arabidopsis. MYC3 is stabilized by DELLAs in the gibberellin pathway to suppress FT through binding the ACGGAT motif and antagonizing CONSTANS (CO) activation. Changing photoperiods modulate the relative abundance of MYC3 and CO, thus determining either of them as the predominant regulator for FT expression under different day lengths. Cis-regulatory changes in the MYC3 binding site at FT are associated with natural variation in day-length requirement for flowering in Arabidopsis accessions. Our findings reveal that environmental and developmental signals converge at MYC3 suppression of FT, an elementary event underlying natural variation in photoperiodic flowering responses.
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