Thyroid function and immune status in perch (Perca fluviatilis) from lakes contaminated with PFASs or PCBs
0301 basic medicine
Fluorocarbons
0303 health sciences
Thyroid disruption
Thyroid Gland
Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507)
European perch
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
333
Environmental pollution
3. Good health
Environmental sciences
Lakes
03 medical and health sciences
TD172-193.5
PFASs
Perches
Immunotoxicity
Animals
Humans
GE1-350
Female
PCBs
Water Pollutants, Chemical
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112495
Publication Date:
2021-07-12T16:47:07Z
AUTHORS (8)
ABSTRACT
The environment contains a multitude of man-made chemicals, some of which can act as endocrine disruptors (EDCs), while others can be immunotoxic. We evaluated thyroid disruption and immunotoxic effects in wild female perch (Perca fluviatilis) collected from two contaminated areas in Sweden; one site contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and two sites contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with one reference site included for each area. The hepatic mRNA expression of thyroid receptors α and β, and the thyroid hormone metabolising iodothyronine deiodinases (dio1, dio2 and dio3) were measured using real-time PCR, while the levels of thyroid hormone T3 in plasma was analysed using a radioimmunoassay. In addition, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and thrombocytes were counted microscopically. Our results showed lower levels of T3 as well as lower amounts of lymphocytes and granulocytes in perch collected from the PFAS-contaminated site compared to reference sites. In addition, expressions of mRNA coding for thyroid hormone metabolising enzymes (dio2 and dio3) and thyroid receptor α (thra) were significantly different in these fish compared to their reference site. For perch collected at the two PCB-contaminated sites, there were no significant differences in T3 levels or in expression levels of the thyroid-related genes, compared to the reference fish. Fish from one of the PCB-contaminated sites had higher levels of thrombocytes compared with both the second PCB lake and their reference lake; hence PCBs are unlikely to be the cause of this effect. The current study suggests that lifelong exposure to PFASs could affect both the thyroid hormone status and immune defence of perch in the wild.
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