Negative symptoms across psychotic spectrum disorders

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2016.12.002
• Publication Date: 2017-02-02T03:45:40Z
• Authors: J.E. Muñoz-Negro; V. Lozano; I. Ibanez-Casas; B.G. de la Cruz; A. Soler; J.A. Alcalá; C. Ontiveros; P. Aznarte; J.A. Cervilla
• Keywords: 03 medical and health sciences; 0302 clinical medicine; 3. Good health

Abstract Background and objectives We aimed to study the psychopathological profile in different disorders across the psychotic continuum and to demonstrate that negative symptoms are not so rare in delusional disorder, as it was traditionally considered. Methods This was an observational study utilizing a sample of 112 patients with a psychotic disorder (delusional disorder, schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder). The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to ascertain psychopathological symptoms. One-way ANOVA analyses and post hoc comparisons using the Bonferroni correction were carried out to compare illness duration and PANSS indices. Additionally, t -tests were performed to explore the difference between positive and negative symptomatology in the delusional disorder group. Results Clinical groups were statistically similar in General PANSS scores, but they differed significantly, in Positive, Negative and Composite PANSS scores. Negative symptoms existed in all three psychotic categories, although they were less prominent in delusional disorder. Positive symptoms were also present in all three categories but were significantly more apparent among schizoaffective disorder patients. Conclusions Our results support the notion of a psychopathological gradient across the psychosis continuum from patients with delusional disorder, at one extreme of the scope, to those with schizoaffective disorder, at the other. More importantly, we have found out that in delusional disorder, negative symptoms do exist and are of similar intensity as positive symptoms. We proposed that the assessment of negative symptoms should be routine as part of clinical mental status examination of delusional disorder patients.