Quantifying the carbon footprint of energy storage applications with an energy system simulation framework — Energy System Network

• DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2024.118208
• Publication Date: 2024-02-20T21:49:06Z
• Authors: Anupam Parlikar; Benedikt Tepe; Marc Möller; Holger Hesse; Andreas Jossen
• Keywords: Carbon Footprint; Energy accounting; Energy source

Energy storage is a crucial flexibility measure to temporally decouple power generation from demand and touted as the missing link in realizing decarbonized energy system based on renewable energy. capacity buildup at all levels of global expected accelerate decarbonization process. To this end, coherent mathematical framework ascertain carbon footprint localized systems with indispensable. This article presents an open-source simulation program — System Network (ESN). A variety configurations can be simulated Python program, which incorporates key components such generation, grid, storage, loads. ESN features integrated bottom-up approach that combines modeling streamlined life cycle assessment techniques quantify system. The lifecycle phases each component, including production, operation, end-of-life treatment, considered. Carbon values are obtained for two demonstrative case studies lithium-ion battery applications: arbitrage home systems. metric Levelized Emissions Supply (LEES) has been used evaluate application. An unconventional strategy designed exploit grid intensity spreads instead price manages achieve LEES value about 17% lower than conventional variant. influence rooftop solar system, management explored. maximum reduction over 37% vis-á-vis base scenario was observed optimal availability contribute transparency, comparability, reproducibility assessments storage.