An assessment of current hydrogen supply chains in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

• DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.131576
• Publication Date: 2024-05-06T21:27:09Z
• Authors: Valentina Olabi; Hussam Jouhara
• Keywords: Liquid hydrogen

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), comprising: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, and Bahrain, is home to an abundant number of resources, including natural gas solar wind energy (renewables). Because this, the region favourably positioned become a significant player in both blue green hydrogen production their export. Current dependence on fossil fuels ambitious national targets for decarbonisation have led world research feasibility switching economy. This literature review critically examines current advantages strategies adopted by GCC expedite implementation supply chains, as well investigation into methodologies employed modelling optimisation chains. Insight these endeavours critical stakeholders assess inherent challenges opportunities establishing sustainable Despite substantial global effort, solid chain presently faces various obstacles, costs clean production. Scaling-up storage transport methods issue that affects all types hydrogen, carbon-intensive (grey) hydrogen. However, production, mostly via process electrolysis, major obstacle hindering widescale deployment Research this found compressed cryogenic liquid options highest capacities 39.2 70.9 kg/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, transportation, pipelines tankers are most conventional efficient options, with efficiency over 99%. Cryogenic ships carry also show potential due large 10,000 tonnes per shipment, vessel currently still very expensive, ranging between $ 465 $620 million.