Microwave assisted biodiesel production from chicken feather meal oil using Bio-Nano Calcium oxide derived from chicken egg shell

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112509
• Publication Date: 2021-12-04T02:07:51Z
• Authors: Minglong Zhang; Ganesan Ramya; Kathirvel Brindha...; Mishal Alsehli; Ashraf Elfasakhany; Changlei Xia; Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi; Arivalagan Pugazh...
• Keywords: Oxides; 02 engineering and technology; Feathers; 7. Clean energy; Catalysis; Egg Shell; 13. Climate action; Biofuels; 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering; Animals; Plant Oils; Microwaves; Chickens

Environmental concerns have initiated the search for greener measures to mitigate pollution issues. Bio Nano CaO was synthesized by reducing CaO extracted from chicken egg shell using tea decoction. The synthesized material was characterized by physico-chemical techniques such as XRD, TGA, BET surface area analyser, TGA and SEM techniques. XRD studied confirmed the crystalline nature of material. The prepared material was found to be stable till 450 οC from TGA study. The SEM pictures displayed uniform and discrete particles which portrays the high probable sites that maximises the catalytic activity. The optimization of microwave assisted Biodiesel synthesis from chicken feather oil through Transesterification process using the bio-synthesized catalytic material was the main aim of the study. A 500 W microwave irradiation of Chicken feather meal oil using 8:1 Methanol:Oil input, 1% Bio Nano CaO concentration, 5 min of reaction time resulted in 95% conversion of chicken feather meal oil into chicken feather meal methyl esters. The Biodiesel was showed low viscosity (4.15 mm2/s), high heating value (50 MJ/kg), high flash point (153οC), reasonable pour point (12 οC) and good cetane number (50 min). The future works will be concentrated on the engine studies related to Torque, fuel consumption, emission data by using the synthesized Biodiesel.