Spatio-temporal hydrochemistry of two selected Ramsar sites (Rara and Ghodaghodi) of west Nepal

• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11243
• Publication Date: 2022-10-26T01:48:07Z
• Authors: Rita Bhatta; Smriti Gurung; Rajendra Joshi; Shrija Tuladhar; Dikshya Regmi; Babi Kumar Kafle; Bed Mani Dahal; Nani Raut; Kumud Raj Kafle; Rabindra Kayastha; Archana Prasad; Lekhendra Tripathee; Rukumesh Paudyal; Junming Guo; Shichang Kang; Chhatra Mani Sharma
• Keywords: Ramsar site

The present study was conducted in two Ramsar sites, Lake Rara and Ghodaghodi, of the western Nepal covering pre-monsoon post-monsoon seasons 2019 to find out dynamics hydrochemistry. A total 11 major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+, F-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, HCO3-) along with six on-site parameters (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved solids, oxygen, turbidity) were sampled replicates from 18 sites 13 Ghodaghodi. Major analyzed using ion chromatography including field procedural blanks maintain quality standards, whereas measured by standard multi-meter probes. most dominant cation anions Ca2+ HCO3- both lakes indicating rock dominance through carbonate weathering as primary source lake waters. Further analysis indicated that belongs Ca(Mg)HCO3 Ghodaghodi Ca-HCO3 type. higher concentrations Na+ Cl- during indicates a possibility long-range marine transport monsoon precipitation.