Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the immune microenvironment landscape of osteosarcoma before and after chemotherapy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23601
• Publication Date: 2023-12-11T20:55:22Z
• Authors: Yun Liu; Yunhua Lin; Shijie Liao; Wenyu Feng; Jianhong Liu; Xiaoting Luo; Qingjun Wei; Haijun Tang
• Keywords: Single-cell RNA sequencing; Social sciences (General); H1-99; 0301 basic medicine; Osteosarcoma; Q1-390; 03 medical and health sciences; Science (General); Tumor immune microenvironment; Chemotherapy; Heterogeneity; Research Article

Chemotherapy, a primary treatment for osteosarcoma (OS), has limited knowledge regarding its impact on tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Here, tissues from 6 chemotherapy-naive OS patients underwent single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and were analyzed alongside public dataset (GSE152048) containing 7 post-chemotherapy tissues. CD45+ (PTPRC+) cells used cell clustering annotation. Changes in composition pre- characterized. Totally, 28,636 high-quality extracted. Following chemotherapy, the proportions of regulatory T (Tregs) activated CD8 decreased, while effector increased. GO analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with activation, adaptive response, response to cells. Furthermore, plasma increased, naive B decreased. surface receptors expression was upregulated, revealed DEGs mainly enriched cell-mediated immunity activation. Moreover, M2 polarization macrophages suppressed post-chemotherapy. Overall, this study elucidates chemotherapy remodels TIME landscape, triggering heterogeneity enhancing anti-tumor properties.