Engine on/off management with consideration of thermal dynamics for HEVs

• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41761
• Publication Date: 2025-01-14T16:53:42Z
• Authors: Wei Wang; Tielong Shen
• Keywords: Dynamics

An Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) suffers from extra gas injection and higher friction loss during operation in low temperatures, which provides the possibility for further improving energy efficiency/economy with multiple power sources a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). However, it is challenging to provide real-time efficient engine on/off policy that integrating slow thermal dynamics uncertain traffic workload conditions. Existing solutions mainly focus on non-linear optimization or complex learning-based methods, unavoidably lead high computation burden hard be online implemented. In this work, based most point of engine, we transfer problem into decision making on/off, greatly reduce more practically applicable. Three rule-based strategies, including benchmark one does not consider influences two hysteresis strategies incorporating state, are compared through simulations under randomly generated driving profiles. Results verified proposed feasible overall can enhanced by considering decision.